Friday, July 17, 2020
Generating and Pitching Story Ideas
Generating and Pitching Story Ideas With the ubiquitous presence of the Internet, coming up with story pitches and finding out where to pitch them has never been easier. There are publications for just about any hobby, industry, quirk, fetish, subculture and subject you could possibly think of. And resources abound for reaching them.Unlike assignments, with pitches you get to propose writing about something you choose. So think about what you would like to write aboutâ"stamp collecting? Minorities in the construction industry? Your personal experience with heartbreak? Whatever the subject is, you should be ready to research it, interview people about it and spend a lot of time thinking about it.Nothing new under the sunOf course, whatever it is youve thought of pitching, chances are its been written about before. So you have to find out where and how. Lexis-Nexis, usually available at the local library, is an excellent way to research articles on a certain subject. Google searches on the Web or archive searches on reg istered websites for major publications (which is usually free, although pulling up the archived stories in full may not be) can also give you a reasonable body of material. And plenty of websites with articles on that subject will pop up for free. Also check for organizations that relate to that topic, because they often list articles as well.Shape your pitch with a new angleYou dont have to search for every story written on the subject since the dawn of time. Lets say its a pitch about women in the construction industry. Dont worry about the articles written on this subject that date back more than five years ago. Thats ancient history in the world of publications. Youll probably find a good selection of stories written in major dailies and small weeklies within the past five years, but thats where the next tip comes in.Lets say you find that the New York Times has published a story about the struggles of women to succeed in the construction industry. Does that mean your pitch is already taken? Absolutely not. What it means is that you read the story, get a sense of what it did cover, and shape your pitch so that it will cover a whole new angle or idea that the Times story didnt. Did the Times story talk about women who faced discrimination and went on to own their own firms? Then think about interviewing women who dont own their own firms, but who operate cranes or weld iron. Youll look for women whose stories werent told by the Times. Even if the issue of discrimination is the same, every individuals story is different. Just as good literature offers new twists to old plots, so you can offer new twists to subjects of articles.Also, consider localizing a story for a local publication. Journalists for smaller hometown newspapers often take a story of national interest and apply it to their hometown readers. For example, the Atkins Diet is a nation-wide trend, but you could interview local bakeries about whether theyre losing business, and pitch the story to the editor of a local publication.Now you have to find publications to pitch your great idea to. Fortunately, its not nearly as tough as pitching your book to publishers. I pitched several stories successfully to the New York Times Money Business section via e-mail. This was made possible by nothing more than having the right name and e-mail address. A colleague had the email and name of the Money Business editor. I sent the guy an email with a story proposal that he accepted.Editors, especially at dailies, will be typically harried and easily distracted from strange e-mails. So you have to get straight to the point, while still being polite. Make it clear in the header that you are pitching a story about thus-and-so. Dont ramble on in the body; if the editor wants to know more about your credentials or history, he or she will ask for it. Just pitch the story, emphasizing why it would be something the publications audience will eat up with their coffee or lunch. I believe this top ic/angle/knowledge would be of great interest to your readers becauseâ¦. Attaching your resume wouldnt hurt, and you can offer to send examples of your writing if the editor wants to follow up.You can also, of course, use snail mail. Be aware, though, that particularly busy editors may take more time to plow through stacks of envelopes than to browse their email inboxes.If there is a particular publication you want to work for, call their main number and ask for editorial. You should be able to find out fairly quickly whether they are accepting freelance articles or not. Checking the website for that publication may also answer the question.An excellent online resource for insider tips on pitching to specific publications is at mediabistro.com. It does require a paid membership, though registration to access job listings that may include freelance opportunities is free. The pitch tips feature a specific publication each day and tell you what the deal is.Take the time to read throug h a particular publication to get a sense of what kind of stories it wants. Editors find it very irritating to receive unsolicited pitches that arent appropriate for their publication. Dont assume! For example, I edit transportation stories for a weekly construction magazine. I look for stories about building major highways, bridges, rail systems and airports. If somebody sends me a pitch about manufacturing the next generation of clean-air buses, that means they didnt take them to glance through the magazine and realize that we dont cover that industry. The pitcher only saw the title transportation editor and made an assumption.That writer, however, could probably do a bit more research and find out that there are indeed several magazines that cater to the suppliers, builders and users of clean-air buses. The writer could also check out publications whose main audiences consists of concerned usersâ"i.e. environmentalistsâ"and pitch the story with emissions in mind. It will be a s lightly different pitch to the publication who caters to transit agency officials who buy the buses.When you show that youve taken the time to find out a little bit about a given publication and thus pitch it a story that would work for its readership, youre inherently advertising that youre a good journalist and writer who does your homework.
Thursday, June 25, 2020
CONSTRUCTION OF MANDATORY PROVISIONS - Free Essay Example
Interpretation of Statutes CONSTRUCTION OF MANDATORY PROVISIONS I. INTRODUCTION There is no universal rule regarding the construction of statutes. It is the duty of the judiciary to try and determine the real intention of the legislature by prudently taking into consideration the entire scope of the statute to be interpreted.[1] The study of various cases on this topic does not provide a universal rule except that the language itself should not be decisive as the context, subject-matter and the statutory provision must also be taken into consideration while determining whether the said statutory provision is directory or mandatory in nature.[2] According to the words of the Supreme Court, à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã
âThe question as to whether a statute is mandatory or directory depends upon the intent of the legislature and not upon the language in which the intent is clothed. The meaning and intention of the legislature must govern, and these are to be ascertained not only from the phraseology of the provision, but also by considering its nature, its design, and the consequences which would follow from construing it the one way or the other.à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã [3] Mandatory rules are vital and go to the root of the matter, they cannot be broken; while others are only directory and a breach of them can be overlooked provided there is substantial compliance. The general rule is that an absolute enactment must be obeyed or fulfilled substantially.[4] II. DEFINITION A mandatory statute or statutory provision is one which must be obeyed so as to make the proceeding to which it relates valid.[5] According to Crawford,[6] a mandatory statute is defined as one whose provisions, if not obeyed to, will result in the proceedings to which it relates to becoming void and illegal. Therefore when statutes prescribe certain conditions for the conduct of any professio n or business, and if similar conditions are not followed, agreements entered into in the course of such profession or business become invalid, if it the aim of imposing such conditions is the preservation of public safety and order.[7] Some examples of mandatory statutes: 1. The provisions concerning limitation for seeking redressal in Tribunals or Courts; 2. The provisions concerning principles of natural justice; 3. The provisions concerning registration of certain documents; If negative words have been used then it shows the clear intention that the provision legislated is mandatory- Section 80 CPC. Section 87 B, CPC. Section 77 of Railways Act, 1890, Section 213 of the Succession Act, 1925, Section 7 of the Stamp Act, 1899. Section 20 (1) of the Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, 1954, Affirmative words is secondary to negative words for interpreting the provision as mandatory. When there is no discretion needs to be applied in enforcing the provision, it is usually treated as mandatory. III. TESTS FOR DETERMINING WHETHER A PROVISION IS DIRECTORY OR MANDATORY No universal rule can be formulated as to when may a statutory provision be considered as mandatory or when merely directory. Each case must be adjudged in the light of the intention of the law makers as revealed by the scope, object and purpose of the statute. In State of U.P. V. Manbodhan Lal Srivstava,[8] it was held by the court that, à ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã
âThe State Public Commission shall be consulted on all disciplinary matters affecting a person serving the government of a state in a civil capacityà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã . It was further held that the relevant provision cannot be interpreted as mandatory and that it did not impose any right or obligation on a public servant, so that, the lack of discussion or irregularity in it did not give him any right to raise a cause of action. Whether an enactment is mandatory or directory depends on the scope and the object of the statute. In Jyoti PrasadMitter v. The Chie f Justice,[9] the interpretation of Article 217(3) of the constitution was in question. The provision says: à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"If any question arises as to the age of a judge of a High Court, the question shall be decided by the President after consultation with the Chief Justice of India and the decision of the President shall be finalà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢. It was held by the Supreme Court that consultation with Chief Justice of the India was a mandatory requirement. One of the important tests that must always be employed in order to determine whether a provision is mandatory of directory in character is to consider whether the non-compliance of a particular provision causes inconvenience or injustice and, if does, then the court would say that provision must be complied with and that it is obligatory in its character. Mandatory provision of a statute cannot be ignored merely on the ground of hardship or as merely procedural. If a provision is clearly of mandatory nature it should not be interpreted as directory. If an object of the enactment is defeated by holding the same directory, it should be construed as mandatory whereas if by holding it mandatory serious general inconvenience will be created to innocent persons of general public without much furthering the object of enactment, the same should be construed as directory. If the legislative intent is expressed clearly and strongly, such as the use of à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"mustà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ instead of à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"shallà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ that it will be sufficient to hold the provision to be mandatory, and it will not be necessary to pursue the inquiry further. IV. LEGISLATIVE INTENT Whether a statute is mandatory or directory rests on the intention of the law makers and not upon the language in which the intent is dressed.[10] In order to determine the question as to whether a statutory provision is mandatory or directory, the primary objective is to determine the legislative intent from a study and co nsideration of the entire statute, its object, its nature and the imports that would result from interpreting it one way or the other, or in conjunction with other similar statutes, and the ascertainment does not depend on the form of the statute.[11] In Hari Vishnu Kamath v Ahmed Ishaque,[12] the Supreme Court observed that the numerous rules for ascertaining when a provision might be interpreted as mandatory and when directory are only helpful in determining the real intention of the law makers and that must eventually depend upon the context. When a statute necessitates that something shall be conducted or conducted in a specified method of form without clearly stating what shall be the magnitude of non-compliance, the question often arises what meaning is to be ascribed by implication to the legislature. It has been observed that no universal rule can be created for determining whether the necessity is to be viewed as an instruction or a mere direction containing no partic ular significance for its contempt, or as authoritative with an applied nullification for non-compliance, outside the rule that it depends on the object and scope of the enactment.[13] V. WHEN CONSEQUENCES PROVIDED BY STATUTE When on failure to comply with a prescribed requirement nullification as a consequence is provided by the statute itself, there is no doubt that such statutory requirement must be interpreted as mandatory. For example: The period prescribed in the schedule to the Indian Limitation Act 1963, for bringing a legal proceeding are mandatory because the consequences of the expiry of the period of limitation is provided by S. 4 of the Act in that the court is enjoined to dismiss a legal proceeding instituted after expiry of the prescribed period. Sec. 17 of the Registration Act 1908 and provisions of Transfer of Property Act 1882 prescribe certain requirements as to registration of certain documents. These requirements are mandatory as the consequence of non- registration is provided by s. 49 of the Registration Act in that such documents if not registered do not affect the property comprised therein. In some cases the consequence provided for breach of a mandatory duty may itself require construction in the light of other provisions of the Act.[14] Thus Section 64 of the Police and Criminal Evidence Act, 1984 prohibiting use of a sample, which should have been destroyed, as evidence or for investigation was construed not to affect admissibility of other evidence in court collected in an investigation which was prohibited provided it did not affect fairness of the trial under section 78 of the same Act.[15] When the statute does not expressly provide for nullification as a consequence of the non-compliance of the statutory injunction but imposes expressly some other penalty, it is a question of construction in each given case whether the legislature intended to lay down an absolute prohibition or merely to make the offending person liable for the penalty. VI. MANDATORY AND PERMISSIVE WORDS When à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"mustà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ instead of à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"shallà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ is used by the legislature then the provision can be interpreted as strongly imperative. In some cases the word à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"mustà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ or the word à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"shallà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ may be replaced for the word à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"mayà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢, but only for the objective of giving effect to the clear intention of the legislature. Generally, however, the word à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"mayà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ must be taken in its natural meaning, that is permissive sense and not in an obligatory sense. Mandatory words may be interpreted as directory in matters of procedure. à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"Mayà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ and à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"shallà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ are normally used in contradiction to each other and generally should be accorded their natural meaning particularly when they appear in the same provision. But in phrases like, à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"it shall be lawful for the courtà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢, à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"shall be liable to pay costsà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ or à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"to interestà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ and à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"shall be liable to be forfeitedà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢, the meaning is not mandatory.[16] A. Shall The use of the word à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"shallà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ in a statute, though generally taken in a mandatory sense, does not necessarily mean that in every case it shall have that effect, that is to say, that unless the words of the statute are punctiliously followed, the proceeding or the outcome of the proceeding would be invalid. Where statute imposes a public duty and lays down the manner in which and the time within which the duty shall be performed, injustice or inconvenience resulting from rigid adherence to the statutory prescription may be a relevant factor in holding such prescriptions only directory. Ex: While construing sec. 17(1) of the Industrial Dispute Act, 1947, that it is obligatory on the government to publish an award, but the provision, that it should be published within thirty days, is not mandatory and an award published beyond thirty days is not invalid. B. May While construing the word May court has to consider following aspects; Object and the scheme of the Act, The context and the background against which the words have been used, The purpose and the advantages sought to be achieved by the use of this word. VII. OTHER RELEVANT FACTORS DETERMINING THE NATURE OF A STATUTE Where a statute generates a new privilege, right or immunity and controls the manner of its application, it must be interpreted as mandatory.[17] For example, the rights to hold an election, contest an election, and to be elected as a member of a municipal committee, are all rights created by the Madhya Bharat Municipal Act 1954 and the rules made thereunder. It follows consequently that the provisions of the Act created thereunder concerning the composition of the municipal committee must be firmly obeyed and the right to contest an election and to register for nomination can be applied only in the way and within the time given by the Act and the rules. One of the factors for determining the nature of a provision is to see whether it entails any penal consequences. In cases where the non-compliance of a provision is made penal, the provision can be safely regarded as mandatory.[18] In Banarasi Das v Cane Commr, Uttar Pradesh,[19] the Court said that the provision in Section 18(2) of the Uttar Pradesh Sugar Control Factories Act of 1938 is mandatory in nature as the word à ¢Ã¢â ¬ÃÅ"shallà ¢Ã¢â ¬Ã¢â ¢ has been used and provides for a penalty for intentionally failing to enter into an agreement as provided by S. 27(3) of the Act. Rule 47(1)(c) of the Representation of the People (Conduct of Elections and Election Petitions) Rules 1951 states that a ballot paper will have to be declared as invalid if it is found false or if it so spoiled or disfigured that its identity as a genuine ballot paper cannot be determined. No degree of compliance can be afforded so far as rejection is the issue, and that is decisive to show that the provision is mandatory.[20] In order to ascertain whether a specific provision is obligatory or directory, it is essential to determine whether the error to obey the requirement influences the very groundwork of authority for the proceedings so that it makes i t void and not capable of being validated. VIII. CONCLUSION The law on this subject can be summarised to the consequence that in order to proclaim a provision mandatory, the test to be exercised is whether disobedience of the provision would render entire proceedings null and void. Whether the provision is mandatory or directory, depends upon the intention of law makers not upon the language in which the intent is clad. The issue is to be scrutinised having a look at the object, subject matter and context of the statutory provisions in question. The Court may discover as what would be the significance which would run from interpreting it in one way or the other and as to whether the provision delivers a contingency of the disobedience of the provisions and as to whether the disobedience is corrected by minor penalty or grave consequence would flow therefrom and as to whether a specific construction would overthrow or frustrate the law and if the provision is obligatory, the ac t committed in breach thereof will be considered illegal. BIBLIOGRAPHY Page | 1 [1] Liverpool Borough Bank v Turner (1860)30 LJ Ch 379 [2] GP Singh, 389 [3] Passage from CRWAFORD: Statutory Construction, P.516; approved in State of UP v Baburam, Upadhya, AIR 1957 SC 912, p. 918 : 1958 SCR 533. [4] Woodward v Sarsons (1875)LR 10 CP 733. [5] Kavanaugh v. Flash, 74 Fed. (2435). [6] Crawford, Statutory Construction, 3rd edn, vol III, p 104. [7] Rao Dhanda, p 988 [8] AIR 1957 SC Art. 320(3) [9] AIR 1965 SC [10] Laxmi Narain v UOI AIR 1976 SC 714 [11] Rao Dhanda, p 989 [12] AIR 1955 SC 233 [13] Rao Dhanda, p 991 [14] GP Singh 402 [15] GP Singh 402 [16] Vepa Sarathi 582 [17] Dhanda, 1005 [18] AIR 1955 All 86, p 91. [19] AIR 1963 SC 1417 [20] Dhanda, 1007
Thursday, May 21, 2020
Italian Business Essay - 1714 Words
Xavier J. Long Anthony Wright III Shawn Dunnings Business In Italy 1)Time(Punctuality) In italy the time is 6 hours before eastern standard time.The usual business hours are from 8 or 9 to 1 oclock. Bank hours are from 8:30 to 1:30 so really people at work donââ¬â¢t be at work for a long time. Also they are off on sundays. Italians like to so many things at once. July and August arenââ¬â¢t good months for business. They are bad months for business because most business firms are closed for people who are on vacation. Punctuality is not a priority for Italians. Delay should always be expected when you work in an Italian business. In particular, do not take a small delay as a sign of lack of respect. As a generalâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦The bigger coin has bigger value... the 1 cent coin is very small. Changing money into Euro: it is expensive to change foreign currency in Italy, exchange bureau fees are high. Banks will only exchange currency for their own customers. Paying with travellersââ¬â¢ cheques is no longer accepted and they are almost impossible to change. If you do find somewhere that will change them, expect to pay very high fees. 3) Important Holidays Public holidays in Italy are determined primarily by two Acts of parliament as well as by collective and individual employment agreements. Act 260/1949 and Act 50/1954 created four national public holidays as well as 11 other holidays. The Labour Laws of Italy require that all employers provide their employees with a paid day off for nationally recognized holidays. If the employee is required to work on a national holiday, they are required to receive a pay rate of double their current salary for every hour worked on that date. Italy also celebrates regional holidays. Every major city in Italy closes for their patron saint day. These are nationally recognized holidays in those areas and employers are required to provide a paid day off for those dates. Smaller towns generally celebrate the patron saint day of the closest largeShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Kern s Article Gendered Urbanization 1210 Words à |à 5 Pagesand this is seen mainly during the 1970ââ¬â¢s when, despite Italian emigration out of Little Italy during that time to other parts of Toronto, many of the commercial business were converted to serve tourists and were promoted as Italian despite the fact that only 21% of that community self-identified as Italian. ââ¬Å"The label was viewed as an attractive feature for local businesses, so they began a self-taxing scheme designed to support an Italian-themed commercial district,â⬠(Hackworth 222, III) and thisRead MoreThe Financial Function with Starbucks814 Words à |à 4 PagesThe year was 1971 when three partners opened the first Starbucks. The business started out as a local roaster and retailer of whole bean and ground coffee and as the business grew they took inspiration from the Italian coffeehouse t radition. 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There he served as Minister of Education from 1989 to 1990 and as Minister of Defence from 1999 to 2001. He became an elected judge in 2011 on the Constitutional Court. Shortly following, he was elected by parliament to be the 12th president of the Italian Republic. Sergio Mattarella was born in Palermo, intoRead MoreThe Diamond Model by Michael Porter1117 Words à |à 5 Pagesindividually. It provides the answers to ââ¬ËWhy does nation achieve international success in a particular industry?ââ¬â¢ (Porter, 1998:71). Despite the universal application of Porterââ¬â¢s diamond framework, many critics argued t hat the model is flawed. This essay aims to discuss the different critiques drawn to the diamond network. Firstly, an overview of Porterââ¬â¢s Diamond model will be entailed. Thereafter, focus will be on the many criticisms of the model. 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Monday, May 18, 2020
Gerber Products Company Solutions To Their Problems Essay
Gerber Products Company: Solutions To Their Problems As the acquisition of Alima continues, we have run into a few problems. These problems are mostly due to the political climate within the region, and property rights issues. One main issue we anticipate could derive from the political climate is the issue of tax credits. All of these problems, in my opinion, could be overcome. We have to make a decision as a team about the cost of moving forward. Problem I: The first problem is the uncertainty of the political stability within Poland. In October, there were political events that caused policymaking to stop. The team of political leaders that were engaged during the initial conversations are on their way out of the doorâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦We develop training presentations showing them how our presence will positively impact their ability to become a member of the EC common market. We demonstrate that the construction industry will most likely grow substantially because of the number of foreigners that will be transplanted into the local economy. We go a step further and offer up educational scholarships for employees children. We show them how their education industry will also be positively impacted by the number of kids attending school on scholarships. Possible drawback(s): The only drawback that I can see is the additional cost of acquiring the location. This cost is the decrease in profits because of the scholarships. This wasnt something that was previously planned for and impacts the total cost of ownership for the facility. Mechanism to overcome drawback(s): Although from the current view of the financial statements, it is an added expense to provide these scholarships, but I see it more from a positive impact to our long term goal. I see us educating a society according to how we do things that will later impact our profits positively. I would be more concerned if we were looking at this investment from a short term perspective. But since were looking at a long term relationship, I believe this is something we should be doing. Impact on the Bottom Line: Since we have already made a promise to the government to provide substantialShow MoreRelatedProblem Statement. Under What Conditions Should Schomer1679 Words à |à 7 PagesProblem Statement Under what conditions should Schomer and Clark suggest that Gerber walk away from the Alima Deal? Introduction Since Gerberââ¬â¢s founding in 1928, they have continued to grow to over the years with increased market share. As a company they are committed to providing children with nutritional food. In 1991, Gerber represented 72% of market share in the United States since it introduced processed baby food. 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This means that those cities could not exist without large scale agriculture to sustain them. Since agriculture is such a necessity, people have developed methods to gain more from their land. One of the many solutions besides machinery they have developed to produce higher crop yields is through the use of pesticides. However, those pesticides which have resulted in high crop yields have come at price, and that is human health itself. This seems rather contradictoryRead MoreManagement of Thorpe Park Resort2263 Words à |à 9 Pagesjust like any other organization Thorpe Park has management challenges which affect the smooth flow of operations. Such challenges need to be addressed and the necessary recommendation put in place to ensure proper running to satisfy visitors, the company workers and directors. This paper is focuses on some of the management issues at Thorpe Park resort on human resources, and on customers experience and quality of services offered. 2. Human resource Human resource team in Thorpe Park is involvedRead MoreNestle Market Research3328 Words à |à 14 PagesTABLE OF CONTENTS I. INTRODUCTION 2 II. ANALYSIS 3 1 Nestlà © worldwide 3 1.1. Overview of Nestlà © 3 1.2. Vision 4 1.3. Mission 4 1.4 . Objective â⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦...5 1.5. Products 6 2. Environment of Nestlà © 7 2.1. Internal environment 7 2.1.1. Managers 7 2.1.2. Employees 9 2.2. External environment 10 2.2.1. Customers 10 2.2.2. Suppliersâ⬠¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦Ã¢â¬ ¦.11 2.1.3. Competitors 12 3. Inputs and Outputs 13 3.1. InputsRead MoreCrowdfunding : The Way Ahead Essay1967 Words à |à 8 PagesThis is exceptionally true in the aspect of crowdfunding ââ¬â the financing of a project or a venture by a group of individuals instead of professional parties (Larralde Schwienbacher, 2010, p. 4). One of the biggest challenges of many start-up companies is funding, more specifically the seed capital. Countless number of great ideas have been abandoned simply because the entrepreneurs were unable to obtain their seed money to kick off their project. With this new phenomenon of crowdfunding, brilliantRead MoreClimate Change With Consumption Of Meat And Dairy1799 Words à |à 8 Pagesaccounts for about a fifth of total greenhouse-gas emissions (McMichael et al., 2010).â⬠This makes it the second highest contributor in greenhouse emissions; this includes production, cultivation of farmland, and facilitation. Human consumption of meat products is directly linked to how much is produced, meaning there is ways of possible mitigation of climate control. 2. INTRODUCTION Climate change could have a minor to severe impact on our environment in the future, and it is becoming a relativeRead MoreElectronic Milk Tester by Reil5486 Words à |à 22 PagesThis is a study made during training at the organization. The source of write up is company and internet. I hereby do not take any disclaim of content of matter. It should be used for reference and study purpose only. Introduction Rajasthan Electronics Instruments Ltd. was founded to aid in the upliftment of the rural masses by enpowering them, making them self-reliant and upgrading their living conditions by taking electronics to the villages. Rajasthan Electronics Instruments Ltd. (REIL)
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Essay on Holocaust - 1965 Words
Holocaust Introduction What, when, where, and why was the Holocaust? The Holocaust was first called a religious rite in which an offer that gave to some one was burned in a fire. The current definition of holocaust is any widespread human massacre. When it is written Holocaust, it means when Nazi Germany completely destroyed the Jewish. The Holocaust was during the period of January 30, 1933 to May 8, 1945. Hitler became Germanyââ¬â¢s chancellor when it first started and the war ended on the last day of the Holocaust, or known as V-E Day. During that time frame, Jews in Europe were killed in the worst way possibly and led to the death of 6,000,000 Jews and 5,000 communities destroyed. 1.5 million of those Jews killedâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦he fire caused the dismiss of the German democracy. The next day, under the pretense of controlling the Communists, the government established individual rights and protections. Freedom of speech, assembly, and expression were the rights and protections that were demolished. The Nazis won the majority in the government with nearly forty four percent of the votes on March fifth. Moving swiftly the Nazis brought together their power into a dictatorship. The Enabling Act was passed on March twenty third. Hitlerââ¬â¢s dictatorial efforts were approved and was now legally able to pursue them. Complex police and military force were also developed. With the police now set in place, the nazis opponents were beaten, terrorized, or sent to one of the concentration camps that the Germans had built. The first camp built for the prisoners was Dachau, just outside of Munich. Over time Dachauââ¬â¢s purpose was changed and became another brutal camp for the Jews. Hitler was in full control of Germany and his campaign against the Jews was in full force by the end of 1934. According to the Nazis, the Jews destroyed the German culture with their ââ¬Å"foreignâ⬠and ââ¬Å"mongrelâ⬠influence. They saw the Jews as evil and cowardly and the Germans as hardworking, honest, and courageous. The Jews claimed the Nazis, which were heavily represented in finance, commerce, the press literature,Show MoreRelatedHolocaust : Holocaust And Holocaust1247 Words à |à 5 Pages History of holocaust Holocaust Term Paper Jewish people were tortured, abused, and subjected through horrific unfathomable situations by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. Despite all of the unpragmatic hardships Jews all over Europe faced, many stayed true to their faith and religion. There are numerous stories in which Jewish people tried to keep the roots of their religion well knowing the risk of torture and death. The never ending fear of Jewish people living in the Ghettos and trying to surviveRead MoreHolocaust : The Holocaust And Holocaust1247 Words à |à 5 PagesWe all know the horrific experience, the Jews faced during the Holocaust and after it. Even after some survived the holocaust physically, they will always be tormented and haunted by those gruesome memories from those inhumane actions that were directed towards them. After, all they went through it is obvious the holocaust affected the survivor s drastically, but how about the future generations of Jews. In which I believe the holocaust did in fact affect the second generation, but the third generationRead MoreThe Holocaust : A Holocaust930 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Holocaust is one of the most well known genocides that have taken place. It had destroyed millions of Jewish lives and has caused a historical pain to these people that cannot be taken away till this day. The Holocaust can be seen from Goldhagenââ¬â¢s perspective of eliminationism. It did have all of the five steps and yet there was uniqueness about the Holocaust. The first one that can be looked at is the concentration camp itself. The history of the camp and the stories are still being unfoldedRead MoreHolocaust : The Holocaust And Holocaust1328 Words à |à 6 PagesThe Holocaust The holocaust is a term originally referred to a religious rite in which an offering is incinerated. But today, has another meaning; is any human disaster of great magnitude and importance, mainly refers to the extermination of the Jews who lived in Europe conducted by the Germany government. Throughout the nineteenth century, the Jewish community was improving their situation and their rights equalized to those of other citizens in most European countries. But despite this, these peopleRead MoreHolocaust : An Examination Of The Holocaust1117 Words à |à 5 Pages In the summer of 1944 the soviets freed the Jewish from the concentration camps like Belzec, Treblinka and the most infamous killing camp Auschwitz. In an examination of the holocaust I will converse the effects of the holocaust and their worlds response, to its victims and perpetrators. The aftermath of the holocaust shows the mass Genocide people found, as Germany cures itself it showed civilization that we should not let someone manipulate us, and let them change our ideals and beliefs. I willRead MoreThe Holocaust Of The Jewish Holocaust858 Words à |à 4 PagesThe Jewish Holocaust is often described as the largest, most gruesome holocaust in history. It began in 1933 with the rise of Adolf Hitler and lasted nearly twelve years until the Nazi Party were defeated by the Allied powers in 1945. The expression ââ¬Å"Holocaustâ⬠originated from Greece which is translated to ââ¬Å"sacrifice by fireâ⬠. This is a very proper name considering the slaughter and carnage of Jewi sh people inflicted by the Nazis. In addition to the Jewish, Gypsies, Jehovahââ¬â¢s Witnesses, homosexualRead MoreThe holocaust959 Words à |à 4 Pagesï » ¿Year 10 Humanities 2013 Unit 2: World War 2 Task 2 The Holocaust The Causes of the Holocaust The Process of the Holocaust In 1933, the Jewish population of Europe stood at over nine million. Most European Jews lived in countries that Germany would occupy during World War II. By 1945, the Germans killed nearly two out of every three European Jews as part of the Final Solution, the Nazi policy to murder the Jews of Europe. Although Jews, whom the Nazis deemed a priority danger toRead MoreThe Holocaust971 Words à |à 4 Pagesof the Holocaust The Holocaust was one of the most horrible and dreaded events in history. Millions of Jews were killed, leaving many families devastated and hopeless. With the goal of racial purity, Adolf Hitler- along with many other Germans believed the Jews caused the defeat of their country, and led the Nazis to the elimination of Jews. For this reason, ââ¬Å"Even in the early 21st century, the legacy of the Holocaust enduresâ⬠¦as many as 12,000 Jews were killed every dayâ⬠(The Holocaust). LaterRead MoreHolocaust Final Draft : Holocaust1495 Words à |à 6 PagesAnthony Harmon Holocaust Final draft World History The holocaust started when Adolf Hitler became Germanyââ¬â¢s dictator, and they started the organization called the Nazis. They started by terrorizing the Jewish community in Germany, then eventually put them all into concentration camps. In one of the bigger camps, they experimented and took newborn babies away from the nursing mothers and they were seeing how long they would survive without feeding. Between 1945 and 1985, about 5,000 NaziRead MoreThe Holocaust1225 Words à |à 5 Pagesï » ¿Sabrina Liu Mrs. Osmonson English 2 8 May 2014 The Holocaust The Holocaust was one of the worldââ¬â¢s darkest hours, a mass murder conducted in the shadows of the worldââ¬â¢s most deadly war.à The Holocaust also known as Shoah, means a systematic, bureaucratic, state-sponsored persecution and murder of approximately six million Jews during the WWII by German Nazi. Adolf Hitler the leader of Nazis, who afraid Jews would take power over Germans; also, many Germans felt they were mistreated by the lost so
Toni Morrison s Beloved And Beloved - 1376 Words
Toni Morrison brings another surprise to the story of Beloved. The addition of character Beloved conceals whole meaning Morrison tries to conduct to the readers. So far, character Beloved is portrayed as an innocent, pure, yet egotistic girl. Beloved also presumably the incarnation of Setheââ¬â¢s dead baby, whose tomb is engraved Beloved. Morrison offers supernatural element in the story to create mysterious and spooky atmosphere, which raise curiosity and excite readers even more. Beloved is seen as the resemblance of Setheââ¬â¢s dead baby. Beloved is portrayed as a teenage girl, however she is different from other black teenager, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦and younger than her clothes suggested ââ¬â good lace at the throat, and a rich womanââ¬â¢s hat. Her skin was flawless except for three vertical scratches on her forehead so fine and thin they seemed at first like hair, baby hair before it bloomed and roped into the masses of black yarn under her hat.â⬠(Morrison 62). Beloved unexpectedly came to 124, the house where Sethe, Denver, and Paul D lived. However, Sethe became attracted to her, ââ¬Å"Sethe was deeply touched by her sweet name; the remembrance of glittering headstone made her feel especially kindly toward her. Denver, however, was shaking. She looked at this sleepy beauty and wanted more.â⬠(Morrison 63) represent Setheââ¬â¢s fascination towards Beloved, because she made Sethe recall her dead baby, which also has the word Beloved engrav ed in the gravestone. The name Beloved itself makes Sethe sentimental fromShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved 702 Words à |à 3 PagesWilliams 2 period Book by: Toni Morrison Book Titled: Beloved Beloved is about a lady they call Sethe who lives in Bluestone with her daughter Denver and her mother in law Baby Suggs. Fifteen years before the story starts, Sethe kills her baby because she was trying to keep her kids from being brought into slavery. The community knew about her killing her baby and judges her. Her sons Buglar and Howard left fifth teen years before the book started. After Baby Sugg s died, Denver and Sethe are aloneRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1458 Words à |à 6 Pagesinequality between races, classes, and genders. Toni Morrisonââ¬â¢s novel Beloved is a story that truly shows how oppressive slavery was during the setting of the book. Similarly to the inequality faced during the time of slavery, while Morrison was writing the her novel the issue of womenââ¬â¢s equality was present, and being fought for. Morrison, through Beloved, is able to show the world her views on inequality, and how it is still present in life today. Morrison is African American, she was born into a familyRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved Essay1634 Words à |à 7 PagesBeloved is one of the best and most well-known books of writing in the African-American society published in 1987. The novel, for the most part, discusses the black community that is unwilling to incite their past and in this way, irritated by its incarnation (Abdullah 25). Toni Morrison does not dissent suppression. Rather, she is pained by its effect on the souls of the black individuals. Nevertheless, the novel approves Toni Morrison s ability in creating the free awareness of various individualsRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved920 Words à |à 4 Pages1. In Toni Morrisonââ¬â¢s Beloved, she takes her audience back to a past where the oppressed (slaves) did not have a voice. How does Beloved compare to other slave narrative, and why is it important? How does memory involve itself within this concept? ââ¬Å"A Different Remembering: Memory, History and Meaning in Belovedâ⬠is Marilyn Sanders Mobleyââ¬â¢s attempt to distinguish the difference of Morrisonââ¬â¢s novel from the established white literary tradition that critics were trying to place it in. Mobley arguesRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1200 Words à |à 5 Pages ââ¬Å"Weââ¬â¢ve all got both light and dark inside of us. What matters is the part we choose to act on (Sirius Black) â⬠. Toni Morrisonââ¬â¢s novel Beloved dedicates her novel to the 60 million and more exposed to the darkness within the people set out to hurt them. The novel depicts how cruelty leads ex-slaves to make irrational decisions and shape the people they are at the end . The cruelty inflicted on one including but not limited to slavery causes a chain reaction of hatred, pain and suffering and theRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1323 Words à |à 6 PagesToni Morrisonââ¬â¢s Beloved is a masterwork of fiction that allows the reader to have many different experiences based on the novels that you pair the book with. When you read Beloved in a modernist light you get a story with slightly different themes then if you read it through a feminist lens. It is a credit to Morrison that her thoughtfully crafted piece of art is able to stand on it own in so many varying ideas. One of the lens that doesnââ¬â¢t get discussed enough is the lens of African AmericanRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved1200 Words à |à 5 Pagesââ¬Å"Weââ¬â¢ve all got both light and dark inside of us. What matters is the part we choose to act on (Sirius Black) â⬠. Toni Morrisonââ¬â¢s novel Beloved dedicates her novel to the 60 million and more exposed to the darkness within the people set out to hurt them. The novel depicts how cruelty leads ex-slaves to make irrational decisions and shape the people they are at the end . The cruelty inflicted on one including but not limited to slavery causes a chain reaction of hatred, pain and suffering and the cycleRead MoreAnalysis Of Toni Morrison s Beloved960 Words à |à 4 PagesToni Morrison, the author of the 1987 novel Beloved, once said, ââ¬Å"If anything I do, in the way of writing novels (or whatever I write) isnââ¬â¢t about the village or the community or about you, then it is not about anything. I am not interested in indulging myself in some private, closed exercise of my imagination that fulfills only the obligation of my personal dreams- which is to say yes, the work must be political.â⬠Beloved met Morrisonââ¬â¢s political standards as the 1980s were a decade plagued by aRead MoreToni Morrison s Beloved And The Bluest Eye2300 Words à |à 10 PagesAnalysis Paper Toni Morrison s Beloved and The Bluest Eye Toni Morrison is known for her use of poetic language. In many of her writings Morrison captures the pursuit of African Americans identities(Parnell). Considering Morrison never experienced the horrific tragedies she writes about, she is a witness to many identities that were destroyed by society depiction of them. The themes that Toni Morrison illustrates in her works Beloved and The Bluest Eye demonstrates how Toni Morrison works showRead MoreThe Dynamics Of Love : Toni Morrison s Beloved2402 Words à |à 10 PagesGwonSeob Cha Paper Topic The Dynamics of Love In Toni Morrisonââ¬â¢s Beloved ââ¬Å"The need of a love-relationship is the fundamental thing [in life].â⬠(Guntrip 45) Love - possibly one of the most universally known yet personally exclusive emotion felt by man. In merely one word, ââ¬Å"loveâ⬠is used to express the love between a person and an object, a parental figure and his/her dependent, two people in a platonic relationship, and even the bond between two lovers. Love can also come in a variety of shapes
World War 2 Free Essays
World War II ?Was a global military conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, which involved most of the worldââ¬â¢s nations, including all of the great powers: ? The Allies: France, Great Britain, USA, The Soviet Union and China. ?The Axis: Germany, Italy, and Japan. We are going to focus from 1944 to 1945, emphasizing the important role of England in the Normandy Battle. We will write a custom essay sample on World War 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Normandy Region corresponding to the former Duchy of Normandy. It is situated along the English Channel coast of Northern France between Brittany and Picardy, and comprises territory in Northern France and the Channel Islands. The Battle of Normandy was fought in 1944 between Nazi Germany and invading Allied Forces in Western Europe during the World War II, the largest and most violent armed conflict in the history of mankind. A great invasion force stood off the Normandy coast of France as dawn broke, 9 battleships, 23 cruisers, 104 destroyers, and 71 large landing craft of various descriptions as well as troop transports, mine sweepers, and merchantmen, the largest armada ever assembled. The naval bombardment that began at 0550 that morning detonated large minefields along the shoreline and destroyed a number of the enemyââ¬â¢s defensive positions. http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Saving_Private_Ryan http://www. youtube. com/results? search_query=the%20battle%20of%20%20normandysearch=Searchsa=Xoi=spellresnum=0spell=1 http://www. youtube. com/results? search_query=the%20battle%20of%20%20normandysearch=Searchsa=Xoi=spellresnum=0spell=1 Some important events in 1944 January 6, 1944 ââ¬â Soviet troops advance into Poland. January 27, 1944 ââ¬â Leningrad relieved after a 900-day siege. February 15-18 ââ¬â Allies bomb the monastery at Monte Cassino. May 25, 1944 ââ¬â Germans retreat from Anzio. June 5, 1944 ââ¬â Allies enter Rome. June 6, 1944 ââ¬â D-Day landings on the Northern coast of France. June 27, 1944 ââ¬â U. S. troops liberate Cherbourg, France. July 3, 1944 ââ¬â ââ¬ËBattle of the Hedgerowsââ¬â¢ in Normandy; Soviets capture Minsk. August 31, 1944 ââ¬â Soviet troops take Bucharest. September 1-4 ââ¬â Verdun, Dieppe, Artois, Rouen, Abbeville, Antwerp and Brussels liberated by Allies. September 26, 1944 ââ¬â Soviet troops occupy Estonia. October 2, 1944 ââ¬â Warsaw Uprising ends as the Polish Home Army surrenders to the October 30, 1944 ââ¬â Last use of gas chambers at Auschwitz. November 20, 1944 ââ¬â French troops drive through the ââ¬ËBeffort Gapââ¬â¢ to reach the Rhine. November 24, 1944 ââ¬â French capture Strasbourg. December 4, 1944 ââ¬â Civil War in Greece; Athens placed under martial law. December 26, 1944 ââ¬â Patton relieves Bastogne. December 27, 1944 ââ¬â Soviet troops besiege Budapest. Some important events in 1945 January 1-17 ââ¬â Germans withdraw from the Ardennes. January 16, 1945 ââ¬â U. S. 1st and 3rd Armies link up after a month long separation during the Battle of the Bulge. January 26, 1945 ââ¬â Soviet troops liberate Auschwitz. February 4-11 ââ¬â Roosevelt, Churchill, Stalin meet at Yalta. February 13/14 ââ¬â Dresden is destroyed by a firestorm after Allied bombing raids. March 6, 1945 ââ¬â Last German offensive of the war begins to defend oil fields in Hungary. March 30, 1945 ââ¬â Soviet troops capture Danzig. In April ââ¬â Allies discover stolen Nazi art and wealth hidden in German salt mines. April 1, 1945 ââ¬â U. S. troops encircle Germans in the Ruhr; Allied offensive in northern Italy. April 29, 1945 ââ¬â U. S. 7th Army liberates Dachau. April 30, 1945 ââ¬â Adolf Hitler commits suicide. May 9, 1945 ââ¬â Hermann Goring is captured by members of the U. S. 7th Army. May 23, 1945 ââ¬â SS-Reichsfuhrer Himmler commits suicide; German High Command and Provisional Government imprisoned. June 5, 1945 ââ¬â Allies divide up Germany and Berlin and take over the government. June 26, 1945 ââ¬â United Nations Charter is signed in San Francisco. July 1, 1945 ââ¬â American, British, and French troops move into Berlin. July 26, 1945 ââ¬â Atlee succeeds Churchill as British Prime Minister. August 6, 1945 ââ¬â First atomic bomb dropped, on Hiroshima, Japan. August 14, 1945 ââ¬â Japanese agree to unconditional surrender. September 2, 1945 ââ¬â Japanese sign the surrender agreement; à V-J (Victory over Japan) Day. October 24, 1945 ââ¬â United Nations is born. November 20, 1945 ââ¬â Nuremberg war crimes trails begin. Resources http://www. historyplace. com/worldwar2/timeline/ww2time. htm#1944 9/2/11. How to cite World War 2, Essay examples World War 2 Free Essays Briana Rogers Mr. Carter Freshman Seminar H8 October 3, 2012 First Benedict Home Game Where Iââ¬â¢m from we donââ¬â¢t have a football team or a marching band, which means thereââ¬â¢s really no excitement for getting ready for the first game. The sports my high school was always prepared for was lacrosse and basketball. We will write a custom essay sample on World War 2 or any similar topic only for you Order Now Knowing that I was finally coming to a school with a football team made me even more excited to in college. Though, I had heard the rumors about the team never winning games it didnââ¬â¢t bring me down because I knew for sure that no matter what I was going to enjoy every moment of the game. Walking to the stadium with friends put me into that mood knowing that the night was going to be very eventful, whether we were to win or lose the game. Personally I was just ready to hear the band, cheer my team on, and have a blast. I wanted to support BC to the point I had the school colors and had my face painted. After so many years of always going with someone to their football and not my own school, this was finally the time for me to live it up. I stayed until half time to hear the band. I can honestly say that for it to be my first college football game I enjoyed myself with the group of people I was and would do it again, plus with our football team to win the game How to cite World War 2, Essays
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